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Monday, February 25, 2008

Statistically Speaking: Winning with an 89-mph fastball: an analysis of Brian Bannister (Part 1)

The latest work from Mike Fast…

Bannister claimed he’d been able to get batters to put the ball in play 155 times with a 0-2 or 1-2 count versus 78 times at 2-0 or 2-1. In 2007, batters put the ball in play against Bannister 78 times at 0-2 and 1-2 versus 61 times at 2-0 or 2-1. The numbers he quoted were for his career, so to check them, we need to add in his 2006 numbers, 19 and 17 respectively, to get a total of 97 career balls in play at 0-2 or 1-2 and 78 career balls in play at 2-0 or 2-1. The second number matches what Bannister said, but the first number isn’t even close. Did Bannister leave out a count? I can’t find any other combination of counts that adds up to the numbers Bannister said. You can look for yourself.

Inconsistencies in Bannister’s arithmetic aside, the main thing to note is that he did not induce balls in play in advantageous counts more often than average. He comes out at slightly less than a one-run disadvantage overall, including, notably, a 1.6-run disadvantage at 0-2. When looking at his run values for balls in play, we need to remember that small sample size affects the reliability of these numbers. You might be able to chalk most of this effect up to chance. In any case, Bannister is certainly not gaining any advantage here.

Where does that leave us? Are we left knowing nothing more than when we started other than that the reasons Bannister offered for his BABIP performance don’t hold water? In Part 2, we’ll move on to the PITCHf/x data set and see if learning more about his arsenal can help us answer the BABIP question.

Repoz Posted: February 25, 2008 at 07:01 AM | 9 comment(s)
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   1. thenug29 Posted: February 25, 2008 at 08:09 PM (#2699751)
I don't think Bannister was saying that the hitters put the ball in play 155 times with an 0-2 or 1-2 count. He was just showing that he got outs in those counts twice as often (becaues he was including strikeouts). That's why I think his numbers don't seem to add up. He showed that hitters were 3-53 off of him in 0-2 counts for his career, and if he was going to be able to beat the .300 BABIP number, he had to get to those counts more often. He didn't claim to be able to do it, but if someone were able to, that might be one way of doing it.
   2. thenug29 Posted: February 25, 2008 at 08:37 PM (#2699760)
I just checked to see what Bannister's career BABIP is in all counts besides 2 strikes (situations where he can't get a strikeout), and I think it came out to .294. That seems to mean that his "luck" is happening when he is in 2 strike counts. So he is either really "lucky" in 2 strike counts or he is better than average at getting hitters out with 2 strikes. I don't know. I really think he's just saying that if somebody can beat the average, it would be by pitching in a higher percentage of 2 strike counts.
   3. Mike Fast Posted: February 25, 2008 at 10:59 PM (#2699817)
Bannister said several times that he was talking about balls in play, which do not include strikeouts. He talked about it in great detail, so I didn't find much doubt about what he was talking about. The quotes are in my article if you want to review them, and I also included the link to the full interview.

Bannister has a career .236 BABIP with two strikes and .262 with 0 or 1 strike, according to my calculations (H-HR)/(AB-SO-HR). Both are much better than the league, although the rest of the league does better with two strikes, too, of course. The problem is that Bannister pitches in two-strike counts less often than other major-league pitchers, which is completely the opposite of Bannister's claim in the interview, so it doesn't help him as much as you might think.

When you grade Bannister on how he does on two-strike counts overall, he comes out behind because he's not very good at getting strikeouts, and that's by far the best thing a pitcher can do when he has two strikes.

In Part 3 of the series (Part 2 should be published tomorrow, Part 3 on the weekend or early next week), I'll take a look at what I think are some reasons for Bannister's BABIP performance. I don't think it's all luck, but Bannister's explanation just doesn't match the facts.
   4. Mike Fast Posted: February 25, 2008 at 11:30 PM (#2699850)
Correction on the BABIP numbers: .262 is for all counts; his career BABIP with 0 or 1 strike is .276.
   5. Greg K Posted: February 26, 2008 at 12:24 AM (#2699877)
I've seen him talk about it before...am I wrong in thinking Bannister is unique among major league pitchers in looking at this kind of analysis, or at least talking about it publicly?
   6. Mike Fast Posted: February 26, 2008 at 01:59 AM (#2699900)
Odds would say he's not unique in looking at this kind of analysis. I'd guess maybe guys like Maddux would look at similar data. But I haven't seen any other pitcher talk about it publicly.
   7. Exploring Leftist Conservatism since 2008 (ark..) Posted: February 26, 2008 at 02:16 AM (#2699907)
I've seen him talk about it before...am I wrong in thinking Bannister is unique among major league pitchers in looking at this kind of analysis, or at least talking about it publicly?


I was going to say something similar--I haven't heard any other ballplayer go into this kind of detail.
   8. Zach Posted: February 26, 2008 at 02:43 AM (#2699916)
That's really good work, Mike. I agree that the frequency of different counts doesn't look particularly different from the rest of the league. But if I read your table correctly, Bannister's run expectation vs. the rest of the league is by far the greatest in 0-2 counts, followed by 1-2, 0-1, and 2-2. In contrast, he is far below average at 3-1 and 3-0, followed by 2-1, 2-0, and 3-2. As you say in your comment, he seems to be very good at dispatching hitters after he's ahead in the count, but pretty average in getting ahead in the count. Ironically, the thing he says he does is almost exactly what he should be doing -- he just doesn't do it as well as he thinks!

I wonder if this wouldn't be a common theme among "crafty" pitchers -- they beat the league in counts where they can throw appetizing balls, but lag the league when the count dictates throwing a strike.
   9. BeanoCook Posted: February 26, 2008 at 04:27 AM (#2699928)
BABIP was over sold when it was Voros discovered that it was almost always ~.300 or so. I think BABIP is still not completely understood and we only recently considered adding zone rating and line drive rates to the picture of BABIP.

I am not one that thinks individual pitchers will shared the same BABIP, while I think the league BABIP is almost unchanged, individual pitchers can make a difference, and not just a small difference.

I think the "magic" of the discovery of pitcher BABIP is that anyone that "suffered" bad luck or had exceptional good luck, will see a regression to their individual mean, not league mean. The trick is understanding a pitchers individual mean.
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