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Wednesday, May 16, 2012

Advanced pitch data helps explain pitchers’ improved results – USATODAY.com

Unless throwing the slider has caused physical issues, how can a manager and pitching coach let this happen?

Luke Hochevar of the Kansas City Royals has had a number of bumps in the road in his big-league career. In the second half of 2011, though, Hochevar posted a career-best clip of 7.8 strikeouts per nine, a nice spike from 4.3 in the first half. He accomplished this largely by throwing more sliders (17.9% from 9.9%) and fewer sinkers (15.7% from 21.4%).
He threw his second-half sliders just over 2 mph harder, resulting in 51% of his strikeouts — along with an impressive 70.1% strike rate and a 37.5% rate of swings resulting in misses or foul balls.
In 2012, Hochevar has shelved his slider in favor of the sinker, and his results have slipped again. If there’s a movement back toward his 2011 pitch mix of sliders and fastballs, Hochevar could be worth picking up. Until that’s certain, keep him on your reserve list.

Jim Furtado Posted: May 16, 2012 at 03:17 PM | 2 comment(s) Login to Bookmark
  Tags: fantasy baseball, sabermetrics

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   1. ellsbury my heart at wounded knee Posted: May 16, 2012 at 07:16 PM (#4133349)
I see a lot of analysis of this type going on on the internet. Here's why I have problems with it:

1) There is a strange hypothesized idea about how pitching works

I've seen a number of analyses (like this one) that go like something like this:
"Pitcher A was effective when he threw pitch A this often, so he should just go back to throwing it more often and he'll be successful!"

You cannot make this kind of causal statement without stronger evidence of the mechanisms that drive the pitch mix. Does bad pitch mix cause bad pitching or does bad pitching cause bad pitch mix? To the degree that it's the latter, then there's pretty limited utility in examining pitch mix for prediction purposes. There are so many factors that go in to pitch mix (type of batter faced, game situation, "stuff the pitcher has that day") that these kinds of analyses seem nearly useless. To me, it sounds like, "You'll probably feel better from that cold when you stop coughing," it glosses over when and why certain pitches are called for, and I think don't do a good enough job separating cause and effect.

Also, "pitching" isn't just a specific mix of pitches, thrown with particular breaking/speed characteristics - they're thrown in an order: pitches in an at-bat are not independent events. There are important interactions between them that set up subsequent pitches. A FB can set up a slider, and a changeup can set up a FB. I rarely see one of these analyses address the order, location and effectiveness of pitches thrown in at-bats. The degree to which the style of different pitches thrown doesn't seem to be well-characterized either: does rocking a hitter back-and-forth, pitching outside and then inside, have a big effect? To what extent does a pitcher need to change speeds in order to be effective? And how do these factors effect pitch mix? These factors are rarely addressed or even acknowledged.


2) There is "missing data" that biases observed pitch mix

Starters pitch differently throughout a game. Many times a starter will go first time through the order with a FB and curve or something, adding in other pitches the 2nd or 3rd time through a lineup. If their FB isn't working, then they get taken out of the game before they can change their mix to throw more pitch A. You might be lead to believe that not throwing pitch A was the problem, when in fact if the pitcher it was the pitcher's poor FB that led to him not being able to throw pitch A as much as he would have if he had had an effective FB.

Pitch A may mostly be used to generate a ground ball (or swing and miss), and that situation rarely came up. Pitch A might be an 0-2 chase-type pitch, and the pitcher's lack of control with his other pitches led to him having fewer 0-2 or 1-2 counts.

I had some other stuff, but I really need to stop wasting time on this.
   2. ellsbury my heart at wounded knee Posted: May 17, 2012 at 01:34 PM (#4133995)
All that said, pitch f/x data is awesome. I just wish the analysis were better.

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